Brief of Juvenile Law Center, et Al., Amici Curiae in Support of Appellant Lee Boyd Malvo
Keywords race; disproportionate sentences; juvenile LWOP; life without parole; developmental characteristics; Black juvenile offenders; racial impact of sentencing laws; racial hierarchy; Eighth Amendment (U.S.); juvenile life without parole; racial disparities; youthBrief of Juvenile Law Center, et al. as Amici Curiae on Behalf of Petitioner
Keywords retroactive relief; resentencing; Miller; Eighth Amendment (U.S.); lessened culpability; capacity for change; transient immaturity; impulsivity; risk-assessment; vulnerability to negative influences; unformed juvenile personality; juvenile minds; attributes of youth; JLWOP; juvenile life without parole; adolescent developmentBrief of Amici Curiae Juvenile Law Center and Center for Law, Brain and Behavior in Support of Petitioner
Keywords joint venture theory; Graham; culpability; blameworthiness; developmental attributes of youth; adolescent development; mandatory LWOP; mandatory life without parole; non-homicideBrief of Amici Curiae Current and Former Prosecutors, Department of Justice Officials, and Judges in Support of Respondent
Keywords proportionate sentences; Miller; Montgomery; Eighth Amendment (U.S.); transient immaturity; temporary immaturity; life without parole; LWOP; culpability; blameworthinessBrief of Juvenile Law Center Et. Al Support of Petitioner
Keywords Roper; diminished culpability; lesser blameworthiness; immaturity; peer pressure; age; characteristics of youth; adulthood; risky behavior; impulsivity; death penaltyBrief of Amici Curiae Current and Former Prosecutors, Department of Justice Officials, and Judges in Support of Respondent
Keywords homicide; juveniles; juvenile offenders; JLWOP; LWOPBrief of Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
Keywords involuntary confessions; age; child development; coerced confessions; vulnerability to confessions; police interrogations; juvenile confessions; decision-making; characteristics of adolescent development; tendency to comply with authority; long-term planning; immature judgment; false confessions; brain development; brain systems; executive functioningBrief of Juvenile Law Center, et al. as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner
Keywords Fifth Amendment; adolescents; neurological research; coercion; schoolBrief of Sixteen Members of the United States House of Representatives as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
Keywords juvenile life without parole; international law; rights of the child; jus cogens; LWOPBrief for Psychology and Neuroscience Scholars in Support of Respondent
Keywords adolescent athletes; prayers; peer pressure; Establishment Clause; neurobiology; coercive nature of prayers; adolescent brain development; adolescent sensitivity to rewards; neurobiological research; social approval; adolescent vulnerability to negative influences; dual system; neuroimaging; brain imaging; reward-processing brain regions; developmental trajectoriesBrief of Juvenile Law Center et al. in Support of Petitioner
Keywords juvenile life without parole; LWOP; coercive guilty plea; forced guilty plea; plea bargain; death penalty; plea negotiations; coercive plea negotiations; Roper; adolescent vulnerability; decision-making; adolescent's diminished legal competence; legal comprehension; mental impairments; brain; neurological vulnerabilityBrief of Juvenile Law Center and National Juvenile Defender Center as Amici Curiae in Support of the Defendant-Appellant
Keywords adolescent vulnerability; decision-making age; duress defense; peer pressure; coercive situations; jury instructions; adolescent developmentBrief and Argument of Amicus Curiae in Support of Defendant-Appellee
Keywords hallmark attributes of youth; youthful offenders; age-appropriate; fair sentencing; youthful characteristics; young adults; international laws; capacity for rehabilitationBrief of Amici Curiae Illinois, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Hawaii, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, et al. in Support of Defendants-Appellees and Affirmance
Keywords firearms; young adult; brain maturation; Second Amendment; brain development; impulse control; age-based regulations; gun violence; public safety; age twenty-oneBrief of Human Rights for Kids as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioner
Keywords child offenders; career criminal status;; irredeemable offenders; incapabile of rehabilitation; underdeveloped brain; sentencing enhancements; Armed Career Criminal Act (ACCA)