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Improved Emotion Regulation Following a Trauma-Informed Cbt-Based Intervention Associates With Reduced Risk for Recidivism in Justice-Involved Emerging Adults
Justice-involved male youth experience high rates of trauma and mental illness, which often go untreated. Addressing these underlying mental health issues, particularly emotion regulation, could reduce re-incarceration risks.
Working Memory Is Complex and Dynamic, Like Your Thoughts
Working memory involves both persistent neural activity and "activity-silent" periods. During silent times, memories are held by short-term changes in brain connections, like an impression left by neural firing.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Clinical and Translational Neuroscience From Cells to Circuits
PTSD symptoms include re-experiencing trauma, avoidance, negative emotions, and hyperarousal. Risk factors include genetics, prior trauma, and trauma type. Women have a higher prevalence than men.
Accumbofrontal Tract Integrity Is Related to Early Life Adversity and Feedback Learning
Early life adversity is associated with reduced white matter integrity in the brain's reward system. This brain alteration is also linked to poorer decision-making processes.
Brain and Behavior Correlates of Risk Taking in Pediatric Anxiety Disorders
Anxiety disorders are common in children and adolescents, leading to significant personal and economic costs. This article explores how risk-taking behavior can help understand and treat these conditions.
Vulnerability to addiction
The DSM's definition of addiction has evolved from physical symptoms to a behavioral-centered, dimensional approach. Animal models use behavioral hallmarks like persistence and motivation to study addiction's neurobiology.
Social vulnerabilities for substance use: Stressors, socially toxic environments, and discrimination and racism
Social stressors significantly increase vulnerability to substance use disorders. Factors like poverty and discrimination contribute to chronic stress, impacting health and increasing substance misuse risk.
Current advances in digital cognitive assessment for preclinical Alzheimer's disease
The research indicates that digital assessments for preclinical Alzheimer's disease are still developing.
A comparison of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) for mild cognitive impairment screening in Chinese middle-aged and older population- a cross-sectional study
This study compares two cognitive screening tools, MoCA and MMSE, for detecting mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in a large Chinese population. It also examines various factors that may influence MCI diagnosis.
Addiction as a brain disease revised: Why it still matters, and the need for consilience
The "addiction as a brain disease" concept, while influential, faces scientific criticism. This summary addresses these critiques, arguing that refining the original postulates can improve patient care and treatment development.
Heroin addiction hijacks the Nucleus Accumbens: Craving and reactivity to naturalistic stimuli
Heroin users' brains showed heightened responses to drug-related content in a movie. This activity was linked to craving, suggesting specific brain areas are key to addiction.
The impact of Substance Use Disorder on COVID-19 outcomes
A study of over 11,000 adults with COVID-19 found substance use disorders linked to increased hospitalization, ventilator use, and death. These risks may be partly due to drug-related respiratory and cardiovascular diseases.
The molecular neurobiology and neuropathology of opioid use disorder
Opioid use disorder is a chronic condition driven by brain changes, causing compulsive drug taking and cravings. The widespread misuse of opioids has led to significant health and financial crises globally.
Drug addiction: From bench to bedside
Drug addiction causes 11.8 million deaths annually, surpassing cancer deaths. It is a chronic, relapsing brain disease shaped by biological, behavioral, and social factors. Effective treatment requires a personalized approach.
Gray and white matter morphology in substance use disorders: A neuroimaging systematic review and meta-analysis
Substance use disorders (SUDs) are a major public health issue affecting millions worldwide. SUDs cause brain changes that can be observed with MRI, but the specific regions affected vary by substance and individual.