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Using implementation interventions and peer recovery support to improve opioid treatment outcomes in community supervision: Protocol

This study evaluates a program to increase access to medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) for people on probation. It compares peer support specialists to usual care and assesses the program's overall effectiveness.

justiceopioid use disordermedicationsprobation
(2021)

The short-term and long-term effects of cannabis on cognition: Recent advances in the field

Cannabis intoxication impairs learning, memory, and attention in a dose-dependent manner. Heavy, long-term cannabis use may lead to similar lasting deficits.

Cannabis usecognitioncannabinoidsTHCmemoryattentioninhibitionCBDdecision-makingcognitive deficits
(2021)

Competing risks of women and men who use Fentanyl: “The number one thing I worry about would be my safety and number two would be overdose”

Opioid-related deaths are rising, driven by fentanyl. The epidemic is not just a "white men's health crisis," as deaths among women and racialized communities are also increasing due to gendered factors.

overdosefentanylrisk-communicationpreventionwomengender
(2021)

Targeting the barriers in the substance use disorder continuum of care with peer recovery support

Current substance use disorder (SUD) treatment models often fail to provide sustained care, leading to poor outcomes. A shift to a chronic care model with integrated recovery support services is needed to improve long-term recovery.

Substance use disorderSUD treatmentrecovery support servicespeer recovery support servicesPRSSchronic care modeltreatment retentionrecovery maintenancerecovery capitalremission
(2021)

Prevalence and Co-occurrence of Alcohol, Nicotine, and Other Substance Use Disorder Diagnoses Among US Transgender and Cisgender Adults

Transgender adults showed higher rates of nicotine, alcohol, and drug substance use disorder diagnoses than cisgender adults. This suggests a need for culturally specific treatment options.

(2021)

Alcohol use disorders and ADHD

ADHD and alcohol use disorder share genetic and neurobiological links, with each increasing the other's severity. Routine ADHD screening is recommended for those with alcohol use disorder to improve treatment outcomes.

Neurodevelopmental disordersAlcohol-related disordersBinge drinkingImpulsivityInattentionAdolescenceAdultsTrauma and stressor related disordersGenetics
(2021)

A cascade of care for alcohol use disorder: Using 2015–2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health data to identify gaps in past 12-month care

Alcohol use disorder is a common, preventable cause of death, but few people receive treatment. A "cascade of care" model can help identify gaps in treatment.

(2021)

Drinking Together and Drinking Alone: A Social-Contextual Framework for Examining Risk for Alcohol Use Disorder

Drinking alcohol alone versus in social settings relates to different risk factors for alcohol use disorder. Solitary drinking links to negative emotions and social discomfort, while social drinking associates with positive emotions.

Alcohol use disordersolitary drinkingsocial drinkingalcohol consumptionadolescentsyoung adultsnegative affectpositive emotionalityrisk factorsalcohol problems
(2021)

Alcohol Use Disorder and the liver

Harmful alcohol consumption is a leading cause of death globally, with alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) being a major contributor. ALD is increasing worldwide, particularly in young people and those with social deprivation.

(2021)

Comorbid Bipolar and Alcohol Use Disorder—A therapeutic challenge

Bipolar disorder affects 1.3-4.5% of people, while substance use disorder has varying prevalence. Both conditions often co-occur, worsen each other's course, and increase the risk of suicide.

Bipolar disorderSubstance use disorderAlcohol use disorderComorbidityEpidemiologyPrevalenceTreatmentPsychotherapyCBTSuicide
(2021)

On the early life origins of vulnerability to opioid addiction

Early-life adversity in female rats increased opioid-seeking behaviors and demand, mirroring human addiction. Natural reward seeking was largely unaffected, though demand for highly palatable food also increased.

Opioid addictionearly-life adversity (ELA)reward circuitsheroinremifentanilextinctiondrug demandreinstatementsex differencesanimal model
(2021)

SnapShot: Neurobiology of Opioid Use Disorder

Opioid drugs interact with specific brain receptors, leading to pain relief, reward, and addiction. Long-term use alters brain chemistry, increasing tolerance and the risk of overdose, which can be fatal.

mu-opioid receptorssynaptic plasticityglutamatergic systembiased agonismepigenetic regulation
(2021)

P.G. v. Jefferson County

The court ordered the jail to provide methadone to an inmate due to severe withdrawal risks, finding the jail already provided it to pregnant people and was likely violating ADA and due process rights.

methadonejailADAwithdrawaloverdose riskprescribed medication
(2021)

The neurobiology of abstinence-induced reward-seeking in males and females

Abstinence from drugs or palatable foods can increase craving and reward-seeking, leading to relapse. This process involves specific brain circuits, and biological sex can influence how craving develops during abstinence.

FoodIncubation of cravingOpioidParaventricular nucleus of the thalamusRelapseSucrose
(2021)

Trust in a COVID-19 vaccine among people with substance use disorders

A study found 45% of individuals with substance use disorders were immediately ready for a COVID-19 vaccine, while 25% were unwilling. Most trusted their doctors for health decisions, even if hesitant about the vaccine.

COVID-19 vaccinevaccine hesitancysubstance use disorder (SUD)vaccine readinesstrust in healthcare physician recommendationsvaccine distributionaccess to healthcaremulti-dose vaccineshealth information sources
(2021)
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