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Differential Effects of Adult Court Transfer on Juvenile Offender Recidivism
Transferring adolescent offenders to adult court often increases their likelihood of re-offending. Research suggests transferred youth may re-offend at higher rates and for more serious crimes.
Adolescence: What Do Transmission, Transition, and Translation Have to Do with It?
Adolescence sees a paradox: increased mortality despite improved abilities, largely due to preventable causes. This occurs as basic emotional systems activate before rational decision-making fully matures.
Childhood Adversities and Adult Psychopathology in the Who World Mental Health Surveys
This study examined childhood adversities and mental disorder onsets in 21 countries. It found significant links between various childhood adversities and the development of different mental disorders throughout life.
Commentary: A Behavioral Scientist Looks at the Science of Adolescent Brain Development
Adolescent brains differ from both children's and adults' brains in structure, function, and connectivity. These significant brain changes during adolescence are undeniable, though "different" does not mean "deficient."
Effects of Regulating Emotions on Cognitive Performance: What Is Costly for Young Adults Is Not So Costly for Older Adults
The article suggests that while emotion regulation impacts younger adults' cognitive performance, older adults might find it less effortful. This could mean older adults show less decline in mental task performance when regulating emotions.
Padilla v. Kentucky
The Supreme Court ruled defense attorneys must inform non-citizen clients about deportation risks during plea negotiations. This was the first time the Court found a lawyer violated effective assistance standards during plea bargaining.
Neurobiology of the Adolescent Brain and Behavior: Implications for Substance Use Disorders
Adolescence is a time of increased risky behavior due to an imbalance in brain development, where reward-seeking areas mature faster than self-control regions. This can heighten vulnerability to substance abuse.
Resisting Emotional Interference: Brain Regions Facilitating Working Memory Performance During Negative Distraction
Emotional processing helps the brain quickly assess situations for survival. While emotions can disrupt cognitive goals, the brain can also maintain focus, a function relying on "top-down" control.
Structural and Functional Changes in the Prefrontal Lobes of the Adolescent Brain: Implications for Executive Function
Brain imaging reveals that key areas of the adolescent brain, involved in decision-making and planning, continue to develop into young adulthood. This ongoing development suggests adolescents may face challenges with complex decisions.
The Role of Puberty in the Developing Adolescent Brain
Adolescence involves physical, cognitive, and social maturation. Puberty, marked by hormonal shifts, triggers changes in the body and brain. Animal studies show these hormones impact brain development and behavior.
Commonwealth v. Shanley
The court ruled expert testimony on recovered memories and dissociative amnesia is reliable enough for juries to consider delayed recollections of childhood sexual abuse.
Substance Use, Childhood Traumatic Experience, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in an Urban Civilian Population
Childhood trauma significantly raises the risk of adult psychiatric disorders and substance abuse. Studies show a strong link between early trauma, PTSD, and substance use, with timing and type of trauma influencing outcomes.
Brief of Amicus Curiae the Innocence Project
The brief argues that courts should update their approach to eyewitness evidence. It asserts the current framework is outdated and proposes incorporating modern scientific understanding of memory.
Brief of Amicus Curiae the American Psychological Association in Support of Petitioner John Floyd
This brief argues that even "voluntary" confessions do not always prove guilt. It highlights scientific evidence showing false confessions can occur due to interrogation methods or a defendant's psychological traits.
Jenkins v. Com.
A new trial was ordered because expert testimony about how suggestive child interviews can distort memory was wrongly excluded. This testimony was crucial to evaluating the reliability of the child's allegations.