Resource Library

Topics

Filters

Resource Library

New to the Resource Library?

Learn how to navigate, search, and use our resources effectively.

How to use the Library

Williams v. State

A 17-year-old convicted of felony murder appealed his life sentence with parole. A court ruled he deserves a hearing to determine if his parole date effectively creates a life without parole sentence.

juvenile offenderlife sentenceparole eligibilityAtwell v. StateHorsley v. StateMiller v. Alabamade facto sentence of life without parole
(2016)

Stallings v. State

A 17-year-old was sentenced to life with parole for battery, robbery, and assault. The court ruled he must receive a new parole hearing to ensure a meaningful chance of release.

juvenile offenderlife sentenceparole eligibilityAtwell v. StateHorsley v. State
(2016)

Atwell v. State

Florida's Supreme Court ruled a life sentence with parole for a 16-year-old was unconstitutional. The state's parole system offered no meaningful release opportunity, violating Miller v. Alabama.

juvenile offenderMiller v. Alabamalife sentenceparole eligibilityde facto sentence of life without paroleHenry v. State
(2016)

State v. Garza

The court affirmed a 90-year sentence for a juvenile convicted of murder. This was not considered a de facto life sentence, and life without parole is still permissible in some cases.

juvenile offenderlife without parolejuvenile life without paroleJLWOPde facto life sentenceMiller v. Alabama
(2016)

Veal v. State

The Georgia Supreme Court ruled Robert Veal, sentenced to life without parole at age seventeen, deserved a new sentence review. This was based on a US Supreme Court decision and the original court not finding him permanently incorrigible.

juvenile offenderjuvenile life without paroleJLWOPpermanent incorrigibility
(2016)

State v. Sweet

The Iowa Supreme Court ruled a life without parole sentence for juveniles is unconstitutional cruel and unusual punishment. This case involved a juvenile convicted of first-degree murder.

juvenile sentencingjuvenile life without parolecruel and unusual punishmentIowa ConstitutionMiller v. Alabamaresentencing
(2016)

People v. Lozano

The court held a juvenile's life without parole sentence required review under Miller v. Alabama. The defendant committed their crime as a juvenile, prompting the appeal.

Juvenile sentencinglife without parolejuvenile life without paroleJLWOPresentencingEighth AmendmentMiller v. AlabamaCalifornia
(2016)

In re J.G.

The Supreme Court held that sentencing a 16-year-old to life without parole for capital murder violates the Eighth Amendment. This ruling found such a sentence to be cruel and unusual punishment for juvenile offenders.

LWOPjuvenile life without paroleEighth Amendment (U.S.)cruel and unusual punishmentcapital murder
(2016)

People v. Reyes

The Illinois Supreme Court ruled that mandatory consecutive minimum sentences for a juvenile constituted a de facto life sentence, violating the Eighth Amendment. The case was remanded for resentencing considering youth.

mandatory minimum sentencesde facto life sentenceEighth AmendmentMiller v. Alabamajuvenile sentencingjuvenile resentencingmitigating factors of youth
(2016)

Brief of Amicus Curiae Fred T. Korematsu Center for Law and Equality in Support of Petitioners

This brief argues that Washington's "auto-decline" law unconstitutionally forces all 16- and 17-year-olds into adult court. It claims the law denies consideration of a defendant's youth, leading to disproportionate sentences.

disproportionate sentencesjuvenile offenderssentencingyouthfulnessauto-decline statutemandatory sentencingsentence enhancementsEighth Amendment (U.S.)lesser blameworthinessdiminished culpability
(2016)

Brief of Juvenile Law Center in Support of Appellant

The brief argues a suspicionless body cavity search of a 12-year-old was unreasonable. It claims the court wrongly applied adult search standards to a child, violating her Fourth Amendment rights.

developmental differencesstrip searchbody cavity searchesminorschildrentraumaFourth Amendment (U.S.)ageadolescent vulnerabilityimmaturityexpectation of privacyFlorence
(2016)

Brief of FSU Public Interest Law Center, Juvenile Law Center, ACLU of Florida, CFFSY, The Center on Children and Families at UF, Children and Youth Law Clinic at UM, FACDL, FCF, FJRRP at FIU, et. al., as Amici Curiae on Behalf of Petitioner

The brief argues that lengthy prison sentences for juveniles deny them a chance for rehabilitation, violating their constitutional rights. It requests new sentencing guidelines for juvenile offenders under Florida law.

juvenile offendersGrahamHenryGridineMillerRoper early releaseadolescent developmentrecidivismlengthy term-of-years sentencesmeaningful opportunitymaturityrehabilitationcapacity for change
(2016)

Brief of Amicus Curiae Children’s Law Center, Inc., et al. in Support of Appellant Matthew Aalim

This brief argues that Ohio's mandatory law sending juveniles to adult court should be eliminated. It asserts that current law ignores the individual differences of youth and the purpose of the juvenile justice system.

deterrencemandatory bindoverjuvenileyouthmandatory transfersautomatic transfers to adult courtrisk of recidivismadolescent development
(2016)

Brief of Amici Curiae Juvenile Law Center and National Juvenile Defender Center on Behalf of Appellant Matthew Aalim

The brief argues Ohio laws violate due process by mandating that 16- and 17-year-olds charged with certain firearm offenses be transferred to adult court without an individualized review. This denies youth their constitutional rights.

automatic transfers to adult courttransfersdue processmandatory bindoverindividualized determinationsminorsrisk of recidivismunique characteristics of youthFourteenth Amendment (U.S.) juvenilesKent v. United States
(2016)

Brief of Amici Curiae Juvenile Law Center, Wicklander-Zulawski & Associates, Inc., and Professor Brandon Garrett in Support of Appellee and Affirmance

Children's confessions must be voluntary, requiring great care during questioning. Protective standards, supported by research and law, are vital to prevent false confessions, especially for children with limited cognitive abilities.

police pressurepolice interrogationspolice trainingdisabilitiesyouthfalse confessionssocial science researchvulnerability to false confessionscoercionjuvenilechild false confession
(2016)