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Olmstead v. L.C.
The Court ruled that unjust institutionalization of disabled individuals, including those with substance use disorders, violates their rights. It mandated more community-based treatment options.
O’Connor v. Donaldson
The Court ruled it unconstitutional to involuntarily commit non-dangerous individuals capable of self-care. This principle applies to debates on addiction confinement.
Kortlever v. Whatcom County
The court approved a settlement requiring jails to provide medication for opioid use disorder (MMOUD). Denying it likely violated disability and cruel and unusual punishment protections.
Jacobson v. United States
The Court held that entrapment requires the government to prove the defendant was already willing to commit the crime, not merely offered an opportunity.
United States v. Russell
The Court upheld a drug conviction where a DEA agent supplied a precursor chemical. The defendant's existing intent to commit the crime was the deciding factor.
Conant v. Walters
Physicians can discuss and recommend medical marijuana to qualified patients under the First Amendment, without federal interference, the Ninth Circuit ruled.
Sherman v. United States
The Court held entrapment is a defense if government inducement caused a defendant with addiction to commit a crime they wouldn't otherwise.
Burrage v. United States
The Court ruled that a drug must be the direct cause of death for a sentencing enhancement. It cannot be merely a contributing factor.
The Vicious Cycle: Problematic Family Relations, Substance Abuse, and Crime in Adolescence: A Narrative Review
Adolescence is a time of high vulnerability where many physical, behavioral, and cognitive changes occur, often leading to risky behaviors. These actions can be influenced by individual, family, and environmental factors.
Expanding understanding of adolescent neural sensitivity to peers: Using social information processing theory to generate new lines of research.
Adolescents are highly susceptible to peer influence, which impacts their thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and brain function. This vulnerability is linked to brain changes that make them especially sensitive to peer input.
International Conformity to the Standard Minimum Age of Criminal Responsibility: Comparing the Minimum Age of Criminal Responsibility to the Minimum Legal Age of Marriage
Many countries prosecute and imprison children as young as seven, despite international standards setting the minimum age of criminal responsibility at 14. This practice harms children and contradicts global efforts to protect them.
Social influence in adolescence: Behavioral and neural responses to peer and expert opinion
Adolescents are highly influenced by their peers, but also respond to advice from adults. Studies show adolescents may prioritize adult advice in some decisions, challenging the idea that peer influence always outweighs other sources.
Substance use-related alterations of social decision-making in a longitudinal cohort of young adults
Problematic substance use is linked to social issues like job loss and disrupted relationships. This study explored whether social decision-making impairments cause or result from substance use in young adults.
The role of sibling aggression during childhood in decision-making during adulthood
Adverse childhood experiences, including sibling aggression, can significantly affect brain development and decision-making abilities.
Adverse childhood experiences and externalizing, internalizing, and prosocial behaviors in children and adolescents: A longitudinal study
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) profoundly impact children's long-term health and well-being. Exposure to multiple ACEs increases the likelihood of emotional and behavioral problems, with some differences observed between genders.