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Emotional Dysregulation in Children and Adolescents

Emotional dysregulation, or difficulty managing emotions, is a major health risk for children and adolescents. It is linked to various psychiatric disorders, self-harm, and suicidality, and can result from adverse childhood experiences.

emotion self-regulationdisruptive mood dysregulationemotion regulationemotional dysregulation
(2022)

Giving to Others and Neural Processing During Adolescence

Adolescents' prosocial behavior becomes more complex with age, depending on who they are helping. Neural regions linked to decision-making, social understanding, and reward processing also show differences based on age and recipient.

fMRIBrain developmentDecision-makingAdolescenceProsocial behavior
(2022)

Healthy Adolescent Development and the Juvenile Justice System: Challenges and Solutions

Adolescent brain development is linked to increased risk-taking, which can include illegal behavior. The juvenile justice system often falls short in supporting healthy adolescent development.

adolescent developmentjuvenile justicereform
(2022)

Impulsive and Risky Decision-Making in Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): The Need for a Developmental Perspective

Adolescents with ADHD show increased impulsive decision-making compared to peers without ADHD. This is driven by a preference for immediate rewards, possibly due to negative feelings associated with waiting.

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity DisorderADHDAdolescenceimpulsive decision makingrisky decision making
(2022)

Juvenile Life Without Parole: Exposing the Parallels Between Juvenile Offenders and Those Who Sentence Them

The US Supreme Court ruled that mandatory life without parole for juveniles is unconstitutional, but a finding of permanent incorrigibility is not required. The US remains the only country to allow juvenile life without parole.

JLWOPjuvenile life without paroleadolescent brain development reduced culpability of juvenilesJones v. Mississippijuvenile justice
(2022)

Factors associated with retention on medications for opioid use disorder among a cohort of adults seeking treatment in the community

People with opioid use disorder who initiated methadone or buprenorphine treatment in the community experienced better retention when they had stable housing and were not using cocaine. Individuals referred from jail had lower retention.

Opioid use disorderMedication-assisted treatmentMOUD retentionMethadoneBuprenorphineHousing statusPain interferenceHIVCocaine useHigh dose MOUD
(2022)

Racial disparities in linkage to care among patients with substance use disorders

Peer support specialists may help link people with substance use disorders to treatment. However, Black patients were less likely to engage in treatment through these specialists in the emergency department.

Peer support specialistsSubstance useRacial disparitiesDiversity and inclusionOpioid use disorderAlcohol use disorderSubstance use disorderAddiction treatmentPublic health
(2022)

Current status of vaccines for substance use disorders: A brief review of human studies

Vaccines for substance use disorders face significant hurdles for human use. While some drug vaccines show promise in animal studies, none have successfully promoted abstinence or reduced drug use in humans.

VaccineAnti-addictionOpiatesNicotineStimulants
(2022)

Longitudinal Analysis of Substance Use Disorder Symptom Severity at Age 18 Years and Substance Use Disorder in Adulthood

Adolescent substance use disorder symptoms are linked to prescription drug use and misuse in adulthood. Those with more severe symptoms as teens face a higher risk of substance use issues later in life.

Substance use disorderadolescenceprescription drug useopioid crisispolysubstance uselongitudinal studyscreening
(2022)

Neural Underpinnings of Social Stress in Substance Use Disorders

Individuals with substance use disorders often use drugs to cope with emotional pain, particularly from chronic social stress. This stress can affect brain responses to drugs and worsen illness risk.

Human drug addictionNeuroimagingSocial stressSubstance use disorderEarly and lifetime adversitytraumareward systembrain connectivityfMRIstress hormones
(2022)

The addiction risk factor: A unitary genetic vulnerability characterizes substance use disorders and their associations with common correlates

Substance use disorders and other mental health conditions share common genetic vulnerabilities. Understanding these genetic links could lead to better prevention and treatment.

Genetics researchBehavioural geneticsAddictionSubstance use disordergenetic liabilitypsychopathologyrisk-takingexecutive functionneuroticismgenome-wide association study (GWAS)genetic correlationpolygenic liability
(2022)

Neuropsychiatric Model of Addiction Simplified

Research shows addiction is a chronic, relapsing brain disorder influenced by both genetics and environment. Early life stress increases substance use risk, but interventions can mitigate these effects.

AddictionAddiction cycleNeurobiologyReinforcementdopaminewithdrawalrelapseneuroplasticitycravingtreatment
(2022)

Persistent and Distressing Psychotic-Like Experiences Using Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development℠ Study Data

Children who experience persistent and distressing psychotic-like experiences show greater impairments across multiple areas.

Childhood psychotic-like experiencesPLEsdistressdevelopmental delaysbrain structure
(2022)

Prosocial Development in Adolescence

Adolescents demonstrated strong adherence to COVID-19 restrictions despite experiencing the most negative effects. Prosocial behavior, which benefits others, is crucial for collective well-being during health crises.

Prosocial behavioradolescencesocial adjustmentsocial brain developmentenvironmental influencesCOVID-19 pandemicCOVID-19
(2022)

Raging Hormones: Why Age-Based Etiological Conceptualizations of the Development of Antisocial Behavior Are Insufficient

Current legal use of neuroscience in courtrooms often overlooks how puberty and hormones influence adolescent antisocial behavior. Greater focus on these factors is needed for accurate legal applications of science.

Developmental neurosciencemodern legal systemantisocial behaviorpubertyhormonesbrain plasticity
(2022)