Resource Library
Brief of the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc., the American Civil Liberties Union, et. al., as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
Keywords death penalty; youth of color; mitigation of youth; mitigating factor; death; execution(2004)
Brief of the European Union and Members of the International Community in Support of Respondent
Keywords international law; death penalty; under 18; minors; juveniles(2004)
Brief of New York, Iowa, Kansas, Maryland, Minnesota, New Mexico, Oregon, and West Virginia as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
Keywords execution; death penalty; age 17; capital sentencing; cruel and unusual punishment; Eighth Amendment (U.S.)(2004)
Brief of the States of Alabama, Delaware, Oklahoma, Texas, Utah, and Virginia in Support of Petitioner
Keywords 16- and 17-year-olds; execution; Eighth Amendment (U.S.); death penalty; Fourteenth Amendment (U.S.); cruel and unusual punishment; moral culpability; homicide; capital punishment; murder(2004)
Brief for the American Psychological Association, and the Missouri Psychological Association as Amici Curiae Supporting Respondent
Keywords Eighth Amendment (U.S.); Fourteenth Amendment (U.S.); capital murder; brain research; neuropsychological research; risk-taking; adolescent brain; decision-making; death penalty; execution; 17-year-old; under 18; developmental immaturity; mitigation; mitigating effect of adolescence; unconscious racism; African American adolescents; culpability; blameworthiness; adolescent personality(2004)
Brief of Juvenile Law Center, et al. in Support of Respondent
Keywords adolescents; brain; culpability; blameworthiness; Eighth Amendment (U.S.); juvenile death penalty; execution; minors; Stanford; youth; youthful offender; Atkins; confession; proportionality analysis; murder(2004)
Brief of the American Medical Association, American Psychiatric Association, American Society for Adolescent Psychiatry et al., as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
Keywords cognitive deficiencies; adolescent brain; capital punishment; death penalty; execution; risky behavior; impulsivity; adolescent vulnerability; brain activity(2004)
Brief of Center on Children & the Law; Center on Juvenile & Criminal Justice; Children & Family Justice Center; and Juvenile Justice Project of Louisiana et al. as Amici Curiae in Support of Lionel Tate, Appellant
Keywords infancy defense; children; capacy to commit a crime; transfers to criminal court; due process; Fourteenth Amendment (U.S.); equal protection; life without the possibility of parole; LWOP; competence; Eighth Amendment (U.S.)(2002)
Youth Law Center Brief in Support of Petitioners
Keywords transfers; transfer to adult court; juveniles; public safety; harm; youth; youth of color; racial disparities(2001)
Non-Party Brief of Juvenile Law Center and National Center for Youth Law in Support of Douglas D.
Keywords safety; school violence; juvenile court; adolescents(2000)
Brief of Juvenile Law Center, National Juvenile Defender Center, Children and Family Justice Center, et al. as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners
Keywords LWOP; children; youth; adolescence; capacity for rehabilitation; Eighth Amendment (U.S.); developmental status; diminished culpability; diminished responsibility; lesser blameworthiness
Amicus Brief by the Promise of Justice Initiative
Keywords death penalty; execution; 21-year-old; Eighth Amendment (U.S.); brain development; delayed brain development; objective indicators; Roper
Brief Amicus Curiae of Becky Wilson and the National Association of Victims of Juvenile Murderers in Support of Respondent
Keywords retraumatization; trauma; neuroscience; victims of juvenile murders; retroactive relief; Miller
Brief of Amici Curiae Current and Former Prosecutors, Department of Justice Officials, and Judges in Support of Respondent
Keywords homicide; juveniles; juvenile offenders; JLWOP; LWOP
Amicus Curiae Letter in Support of Petition for Review in Chelsea Becker v. Superior Court
Keywords pregnancy loss; stillbirth; substance use during pregnancy; criminal prosecution; prenatal care; substance use disorder