Brief of Amicus Curiae on Behalf of Appellant, Paul H. Gingerich
Keywords children; decision-making; compentency; developmental differences; due process; immaturity; transferAmici Curiae Brief of Juvenile Law Center, ACLU of Washington, Campaign for Fair Sentencing of Youth, Council of Juvenile Correctional Administrators, and Mothers Against Murderers Association in Support of Respondent, Brian Bassett
Keywords adolescent development; LWOP; neuroscience; retribution; deterrence; incapacitation; justification for punishment; decision-making; youth reasoning skills; stressBrief of Fred T. Korematsu Center for Law and Equality, Columbia Legal Services, Teamchild, and Washington Defender Association as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent
Keywords Fain analysis; Proportionality analysis; JLWOP; juvenile life without parole; Gunwall analysis; juvenile sentencing; categorial analysis; Eighth Amendment; cruel and unusual punishmentAmicus Curiae Brief of the Equal Justice Initiative in Support of Petitioner
Keywords Proposition 57; adolescents; capacity for change; peer pressure; developmental vulnerability; decision-making; transfersBrief of Amici Curiae Children and Family Justice Center et al. in Support of Defendant-appellee
Keywords emerging adults; mandatory LWOP; mandatory life without parole; brain development; developmental characteristics; adolescents; diminished culpability; lesser blameworthinessBrief of Washington Defender Association et al. on Behalf of Appellant
Keywords neurological development; intellectual disability; culpability; blameworthiness; prefrontal cortex; brain; grey matterBrief of Amici Curiae Juvenile Law Center, Center on Wrongful Convictions of Youth, and Center for Law, Brain and Behavior in Support of Petitioner
Keywords brain; prefrontal cortex; neuroscience research; transferred intent; imputed intent; felony murder; impulse control; adolescent decision-making; risk-taking; vulnerability to peer influence; attributes of youth; underdeveloped brainBrief of Amicus Curiae Victims & Victims' Rights Organizations
Keywords mandatory LWOP; mandatory life without parole; Eighth Amendment (U.S.); victims; cruel and unusual punishment; retroactive relief; Miller; JacksonBrief of Amici Curiae Ad Hoc Committee of Former Prosecutors, Former Judges, Former Governmental Officials, Leaders of Bar Associations and Law School Deans and Professors, in Support of Defendants-appellants
Keywords Miller; retroactive relief; resentencing; Eighth Amendment (U.S.); reduced culpability; lesser blameworthiness; LWOP; life without parole; capacity for changeAmicus Curiae Brief of the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc. in Support of Defendant-appellants Raymond Curtis Carp, Dakotah Wolfgang Eliason, and Cortez Roland Davis
Keywords superpredator myth; racial disparities; juveniles; youth violence; racial disparities; LWOP; life without parole; racialized criminalization of youth; juvenile sentencing lawsAmicus Curiae Brief on Behalf of Faith-based Organizations and Religious Leaders
Keywords religion; LWOP; mandatory life without parole; Eighth Amendment; Miller; retroactive relief; resentencing; childrenAmicus Curiae Brief of the State Appellate Defender Office
Keywords Miller; retroactive relief; resentencing; substantive rule; procedural rule; Teague; juvenile murder; first-degree murder; Eighth Amendment; LWOP; life without paroleACLU Amicus Brief
Keywords Miller; retroactive relief; resentencing; mandatory JLWOP; mandatory juvenile life without parole; mitigating facts; substantive rule; Teague; procedural rule; youth; individualized capital sentencing doctrine; Eighth AmendmentBrief of Juvenile Law Center, et al. Amici Curiae in Support of Appellants Carp, Davis and Eliason
Keywords Miller; adolescent development; neuroscientific research; intent to kill; mandatory LWOP; mandatory life without parole; Graham; felony murder; Eighth Amendment (U.S.)Brief of Amici Curiae J. Lawrence Aber et Al., in Support of Petitioners
Keywords neurological development; diminished culpability; peer pressure; adolescent vulnerability; risky behavior; brain development; Graham; environmental influences; neurological differences; reward-seeking; Roper; impulsivity; adolescent brain