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Ferguson v. Charleston

The Supreme Court ruled that drug testing pregnant women without consent for law enforcement purposes violated the Fourth Amendment. This case balanced public health concerns with individual privacy rights.

drug testingpregnant womenconsentpublic healthprivacy rightslaw enforcement
(2001)

Cannabis Action Network v. City of Gainesville

The 11th Circuit ruled Gainesville's street-closing and sound ordinances unconstitutional prior restraints on speech. This reversed an earlier district court decision.

(2000)

Indianapolis v. Edmond

The Supreme Court ruled that highway checkpoints set up mainly to find illegal drugs are unconstitutional. These checkpoints violate the Fourth Amendment's protection against unreasonable searches.

unreasonable searcheshighway checkpointsdrug traffickingprivacy rights
(2000)

In re Cliffton B.

The court upheld parental rights termination due to the mother’s ongoing substance abuse. She failed to reunify with her children despite county services.

parental rights terminationsubstance usechild welfare child protection
(2000)

Bay Area Addiction Research and Treatment v. City of Antioch

The Ninth Circuit ruled Antioch's denial of a methadone clinic violated the ADA and FHA. This discriminated against recovering addicts seeking treatment.

city zoningmethadone clinicADAFHAdiscriminatingtreatment servicesrecovery
(1999)

People v. Garcia

The court ruled prior drug convictions can enhance sentencing under California's Three Strikes Law, even for a current nonviolent offense.

Three Strikes Lawsentencingprior drug convictionsnonviolent offenseCalifornia sentencingcriminal sentencingfelony sentencingdrug conviction sentencing
(1999)

People v. Martinez

The court ruled that voluntary intoxication evidence was inadmissible to negate criminal intent in a1999 child endangerment case involving methamphetamine manufacturing.

child endangermentmethamphetamine manufacturingcriminal intentvoluntary intoxicationinadmissible evidencedefendantdrug manufacturing
(1999)

Pennsylvania Department of Corrections v. Yeskey

The Supreme Court ruled the ADA applies to state prisons, meaning incarcerated people with disabilities cannot be excluded from programs solely due to disability.

ADAdisabilityprison programsTitle II
(1998)

Stop Youth Addiction, Inc. v. Lucky Stores, Inc.

The California Supreme Court ruled that a private group could sue retailers for selling tobacco to minors, even without direct harm to the organization.

unfair competition lawtobaccominorsprivate organizationretailersconsumer protection
(1998)

US v. Cannabis Cultivators Club

The court issued an injunction, finding the federal government would likely prove defendants lacked a right to distribute marijuana under Proposition 215.

Proposition 215marijuanapreliminary injunctionconstitutional rightstatutory rightfederal governmentdistribution of marijuanamedical marijuana
(1998)

Bragdon v. Abbott

The Supreme Court ruled that asymptomatic HIV is a disability under the ADA. This decision helps protect people recovering from substance use from discrimination under disability law.

HIVADAdisabilityasymptomaticsubstance recoverydiscriminationlegal protection
(1998)

US v. Carothers

The Eleventh Circuit affirmed convictions for attempted child exploitation under § 2422(b), clarifying that actual minor involvement is not required for attempt liability.

attempt liabilityconvictions§ 2422(b)minor
(1997)

In re Greene

The Delaware Supreme Court disbarred an attorney for misusing client funds. The Court found disbarment appropriate despite the attorney's arguments about addiction and rehabilitation.

attorney disbarmentmisappropriating client fundscocaine addictionrehabilitation effortslegal ethicsmitigating factorsprofessional misconduct
(1997)

In re Kimberly F.

The court created a test to decide if a child should return to a parent with past substance abuse, prioritizing the child's best interests.

child custodysubstance useparental fitnessbest interests of the childmultifactor balancing testchild welfaredrug abuseparental rightsreunification
(1997)

Montana v. Egelhoff

The Supreme Court upheld a Montana law preventing juries from considering a defendant's intoxication when determining criminal intent. This affirmed states' power to define criminal offenses and their defenses.

intoxicationcriminal lawstates' rightsjurydue process
(1996)
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